中国农村供水与环境卫生项目执行效果评价

Effects of China National Rural Water Supply

目的 通过对河北、内蒙古、江西、湖北和云南五省 (区 )基线调查和后续调查的数据进行前后对比分析 ,较全面地评价中国农村供水与环境卫生项目的效果和效益。方法 利用PHRD赠款对项目监测指标的研究成果 ,设计出调查表和评价指标 ;采用SPSS统计软件对调查数据进行统计分析。结果 ①自来水饮用率由 1 1 9%增加到 65 0 3 % ;②卫生厕所普及率由 4 2 %增加到 2 2 9% ;③村民的健康知识认知水平明显提高 ,健康相关行为有了明显的改善。结论 中国农村供水与环境卫生项目改善了项目村的生活条件和环境卫生状况 ,提高了村民的健康知识水平 。

Objective To evaluate the effects of the China National Rural Water Supply Project implemented in Hebei, Inner Mongolia, Jiangxi, Hubei, and Yunnan since 1997. Methods A questionnaire survey combined with on the-pot observation was conducted among 17728 targeted people including 10 housewives aged 20～45,one class pupils of fourth grade,one headmaster,one director of waterwork, and one administrative village leader for each project village of the total 48 project villages in the 5 provinces/autonomous region. The findings were compared with those collected in baseline survey with SPSS software. Results The total tap water accessing rate increased from the baseline value of 1.19% to 65.03%. The prevalence rate of sanitary toilets increased from 4.2% to 22.9%. 94.7% of the primary schools gave a course of health education, 92.1% of the rimary schools had school toilets 88.6% of which were clean, and 47.2% of the primary schools had hand-related behaviors among the housewives and fourth graders and the hygienic situation of household kitchens and that of household latrines were significantly improved. Conclusion The implementation of the China National Rural Water Supply Project has markedly improved the environmental health of the project villages and the living conditions of the villagers, and greatly raised the health knowledge levels and improved the health behaviors among the local people