内蒙古煤矿环境地质问题及其防治对策研究

Research into the environmental geological problems of coal mines in Inner Mongolia and countermeasures

煤炭是内蒙古最具优势的矿产资源 ,其产值几乎占到该区工业产值的一半。由于历史及政策等因素的影响 ,煤矿开发破坏矿区环境资源、诱发地质灾害和导致环境污染。不同地域矿山开发诱发的环境地质问题不同 ,露天和地下不同的开采方式诱发不同的环境地质问题。国有大中型老矿区地面塌陷问题较为严重 ,成为制约矿山持续发展的主要因素之一。乡镇及个体小煤矿“只开发 ,不治理”加剧了矿山地质环境的恶化。在西部大开发中 ,要吸取“先开发 ,后治理”的历史教训 。

The resource of the coal mine is the most superiority mineral resource in Inner Mongolia, the output value of the coal industry almost account for half of the industrial output value there. Because of the history, policy, management, economic technology and the background of the ecological environment fragile, the coal mining led to serious resources destruction, geological hazard and environmental pollution. The regional characteristic of mining geological hazard is clear; environmental geology questions are different in areas with different ecological environmental backgrounds; the different exploitation methods bring out different environmental geological problems; the problem of ground subsides in the state large-and-middle-sized old mining area is comparatively serious. 'Only development and no recovery' in villages and towns and individual small coal mines led to the serious environmental results that restrict them from the continuous development. In the big development of the west it should draw the lesson 'develop first and administering afterwards' and walk the road of the green mining industry for resources development and environmental protection.