2株重寄生菌的分离和对靶标菌的抑制作用

Isolation of 2 Strains of Hyperparasite and Its Inhibiting Effects on Target Pathogens

用选择性培养基和诱捕分离法获得温室番茄叶片上发生的重寄生菌F46,从被条锈菌感染的小麦叶片上分离获得重寄生菌PR。本研究从形态特征、培养特征、生理生化特性等方面对2种重寄生菌进行了初步鉴定,F46属于链霉菌(Streptomyces sp.)金色类群;PR归属于链霉菌(Streptomyces sp.)轮生类群。F46和PR对除禾顶囊壳以外的其他8种供试靶标病原真菌(胶孢炭疽病、灰葡萄孢、大丽轮枝菌、尖孢镰孢萎蔫专化型、褐孢霉、粉红聚端孢、梨状毛霉、扩展青霉)具有不同的抑制作用,对梨状毛霉的抑制效果最好;PR对所有致病菌的作用优于F46。40％五氯硝基苯、50％腐霉利和链霉素对2种重寄主菌均无抑制作用。F46对70％代森锰锌和25％甲霜灵都非常敏感,PR仅对50％多菌灵非常敏感。

The hyperparasite strain F46 was isolated from the leaves of tomato and the strain PR was isolated from the leaves of wheat in the greenhouse. Two hyperparasite strains were identified to be Streptomyces sp. on the basis of the morphological and physiological characteristics. The strain F46 and PR have different inhibiting effects on traget pathogens: Colletotrichum gloesporioides, Bortrytis cinerea, Verticillium dahliae, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum, Fulvia fulvum, Trichothecium roseum, Mucor piriformis, Penicillium expansum and Gaeumannomyces graminis. The inhibiting effects of the strain PR is better than the strain F46 to the traget pathogens. Two hyperparasite strains have different tolerance to the tested fungicides: carbendazim, chlorothalonil, mancozeb, metalaxyl, procymidone, quintozene, thiophanate-methyl and streptomycin.