美洲斑潜蝇自然分布格局的研究

Studies on the Natural Distribustion Pattern of Liriomyza Sativae (Diptera: Agromyzidae)

逐行逐株调查了400余株自然生长棉花上美洲斑潜蝇危害的棉花叶片和幼虫潜道,在此基础上研究了美洲斑潜蝇的自然分布格局,结果表明:美州斑潜蝇在棉田发生的初期,其分布格局为均匀分布;在棉田发生一段时间后,即棉花生长进入蕾、花、铃盛期,被害叶片在棉田仍呈均匀分布,但幼虫潜道在棉株上、中部和以整株棉花为取样单位时为聚集分布,在棉株下部则为随机分布。进一步分析表明,幼虫潜道在棉株上、中部的聚集是由环境因素所引起的;以整株为取样单位时的聚集是由环境因素或美洲斑潜蝇自身活动习性所引起的。当以整株棉花为取样单位时,幼虫潜道的聚块面积为1株棉花。

The natural distribution pattern of Liriomyza sativae Blanchard was studied through researching the damaged leaves and the fed strips by larvae on about 400 plants of cotton. Results showed that the distribution patterns of the leaf-miner, obtained from either the damaged leaves or the fed strips, were fit for uniformity distribution in earlier period of its immigration. After a large number of the flowers, buds and bolls of cotton emerged, distribution of the damaged leaves was the same as its in earlier period, but the feeding strips of larvae were suited to the aggregation distribution on the upper or middle parts and the random distribution on the lower part of cotton plants. The feeding strips were fit for aggregation distribution when a whole plant of cotton was regarded as a sample unit. Further analysis showed the aggregation of the fed strips on the upper or middle parts was mainly caused by environmental factors and on whole plant by the environmental factors or the habits of leaf-miner itself. When the whole plant of cotton was used to be as the sample unit, the aggregation area of fed strips was equal to size of one plant cotton.