新型雄性不育亚麻的杂种优势及温敏效应初探

Heterosis of the New Male-sterile Flax and Sensitivity to Temperature

在自然条件下,对亚麻雄性不育材料的不育性表现杂种优势及温敏效应进行了研究。结果表明,温度对不育性有重要影响,一定温度范围内,高温能使育性提高,结果率和结实率增加,低温使育性下降;结果率和结实率下降,同时还发现不同材料对温度的敏感程度不同。不育系与常规品种(系)杂交,杂种F_1表现了较强的超亲势强,产量的平均优势率为39.73％,从产量构成因素看,单株果数的优势最为突出,对产量形成的影响最大,其次为有效分枝和千粒重,它们对产量形成也有一定影响;F_1还表现了苗期生长速度快、多分枝多果及早熟的特性。通过该不育系利用杂种优势,将是提高亚麻产量的一条有效途径。

In the natural conditions, characteristic and sterility expression of several new male-sterile flax were studied,the results indicated that sterility expression were affected greatly by temperature, high temperature induced fertile,low temperature induced sterile,but sensitivity of different lines to temperature was obviously different?Male-Sterile lines were crossed with 30 varieties/lines, F1 of hybridized combinations showed significant yield increase ( average value of Hp is 39. 73%), bolls per plant had an more important contribution to yields; F1 shows ripens early, abloom early、polyanthus and more boll, too. It is a effective way to increase yields by utilizing the male sterile line.