胡适实用主义哲学与白话文运动

Hu Shis Pragmatistic Philosophy and Vernacular Movement

胡适是近代白话文运动的主将。胡适白话文运动与其实用主义哲学基础之间存在着密不可分的关系。这种关系主要可以从三方面予以考察 :(1)本体论上的拒斥形上之道 ;(2 )真理观上的工具主义倾向 ;(3)方法论上的中西会通。哲学基础作用于其白话文运动的实践 ,具体表现为对语言的内在价值的漠视 ,以彻底的工具主义观点看待古文与白话及语文改革 ,并且以实用主义实证方法与清代朴学方法的结合为出发点 ,发扬评判与怀疑的启蒙主义精神 。

There existed an interwoven relation between Hu Shis vernacular movement and its pragmatistic philosophical basis. This relation can be chiefly investigated from three aspects: firstly, reject metaphysical way in ontology; secondly, instrumentalist tendency in the concept of truth; thirdly, to be well versed in Chinese and Western methodology. Philosophical basis acts on the practice of his vernacular movement. The specific expressions are as follows: pay no attention to the intrinsic value of language; look upon ancient Chinese prose, vernacular and reform of language and literature from a throughgoing instrumentalist viewpoint; integrate positive method of pragmatism with the method of down to earth learning during Qing Dynasty as the starting point; develop the spirit of comment and suspicion as the spirit of Enlightenment; and make historicist method to be the principal method for demonstrating the thought of reformation.