1Shulman, L. S. Knowledge and Teaching :Foundations of the New Reform. Harvard Educational Review ,1987,57(1) :1-22.
2Shulman.L.S.. Those who understand: Knowledge in Teaching [J].Educatinnal Researcher. 1986,15(1):4-14.
3Ma, L. (1999). Knowing and Teaching Elementary Mathematics. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates :120-150.
4Shaaron Ainsworth.The Functions of Multiple Representations [J].Computers and Education,1999,33:131-152.
5JINFA CAI,Frank K. Lester Jr.,Solution representations and pedagogical representations in Chinese and U.S. classroom,Journal of Mathematical Behavior,2005(24):221-237.
6Ball, D. L. (1993). Halves, and using representational contexts pieces, and twoths: Constructing in teaching fractions. In T. P. Carpenter, E. Fennema, & T. A. Romberg (Eds.), Rational numbers: An integration of research (pp. 328-375). Hillsdale, N J: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.