君迁子(Diospyroslotus)种质资源形态学性状的聚类分析

Cluster analysis based on morphological traits of dateplum(Diospyros lotus) germplasm resources

【目的】探明君迁子(Diospyroslotus)种质资源的遗传多样性和亲缘关系。【方法】对国家柿种质资源圃保存的24份君迁子的21个形态学性状进行观测分析,采用组间联接进行聚类分析,用PASW statistics 18.0软件聚类并形成树状图。【结果】平均Euclidean距离为10时,可以把24份君迁子种质资源分成五大类群:圆形有核果、圆形无核果、长圆有核果、长圆无核果和扁圆有核果,第Ⅰ类群包括两个亚群,共8个材料,第Ⅱ类包括3个材料,第Ⅲ类包括10个材料,第Ⅳ类包括2个材料,第Ⅴ类只包括1个材料。不同性状在不同材料间表现出不同程度的多样性,变异系数最大的是果面锈斑,达到169.40%,其次为核形状(66.26%),萼片大小的最小(13.67%);16个质量性状中核饱满度的多样性信息指数最高(1.908),果顶形状的最低(0.547);5个数量性状中,单果核数量的多样性信息指数最高(0.687),顶端1~2芽间距离平均值(mm)的最低(0.438)。【结论】君迁子种质资源变异较大,遗传多样性丰富,君迁子种下可以分为扁圆果类型、圆果类型、长果类型,且每类型下又可分为无核和有核类型。

【Objective】 This study is to ascertain the genetic diversity and the genetic relationships of dateplum(Diospyroslotus) germplasm resources.【Method】 21 morphological traits of 24 dateplum accessions preserved in the National Field Genebank for Persimmon were observed. According to the method of linkage between groups, cluster analysis was carried out by PASW statistics 18.0 software. 【Result】 24dateplum accessions could be divided into 5 types while the average Euclidean distance was 10. GroupⅠ,GroupⅡ, GroupⅢ, GroupⅣ, and GroupⅤ, including 8(which could be further grouped into two subclusters), 3,10,2 and 1 accessions, respectively. Different degrees of diversity exhibited in different traits. The most obvious variation coefficient, which reached 169.40%, was of the rust of fruit surface,then seed's shape(66.26%). The smallest variation coefficient was of the sepal size(13.67%). The highest diversity index of the 16 qualitative characters was in seed plumpness(1.908), while the lowest one in fruit shape(0.547); The highest diversity index of the 5 quantitative characters was in seed number per fruit(0.687), and the lowest one in distance between the top 1 and top 2 buds(0.438). 【Conclusion】 There is obvious variation among dateplum germplasm resources, and genetic diversity is abundant. Dateplum can be at least divided into oblate fruit type, round fruit type and obround fruit type, meanwhile, each of them can be divided into seedless fruit type and seedy fruit type.