定植苗龄对香蕉收获期与产量及品质的影响

Effects of nursey stock age on the timing of harvest,yield and fruit quality inbanana

【目的】探讨解决香蕉生产所面临寒害及收获期集中的问题。【方法】采用大田试验研究2种追肥模式和4种苗龄香蕉同期定植对香蕉抽蕾期、收获期、产量及品质的影响。【结果】香蕉大苗移栽配合4次和8次追肥在不影响产量的前提下,能够缩短香蕉大田生长时间,使收获期提前36~122 d,同时还能保证蕉果可食率及维生素C含量不变而提高糖酸比例。同期定植时,4次和8次追肥模式下香蕉收获期与定植苗叶片数量之间建立的一元二次方程相关系数分别达到0.909和0.990。【结论】采用大苗移栽技术通过控制定植苗龄的大小能够人为调节香蕉采收时间,可用收获期与定植苗叶片数量(苗龄)间的一元二次方程预测香蕉的收获期,做到适时移栽适时收获,有效规避香蕉大田生育期面临寒害威胁。

【Objective】To prevent chilling injury and extend harvest time of banana.【Method】field test were conducted to study the effects of two topdressing models and the age of young plant on banana budding stage,harvest period,yield and fruit quality.【Result】The results showed that transplantation of big nursery stock with four times and eight times of topdressing did not affect the yield,but shortened the growth period and the harvest timing advanced by 36 to 122 days.Meanwhile bigger nursery stock in-creased the ratio of sugar to acid without changing edible rate and vitamin C content.The coefficients forthe quadratic equation of one variable between banana harvest timing and the number of nursery sotckleaves were 0.909 and 0.990 under four and eight times of topdressing models respectively.【Conclusion】The harvest timing of the banana could be adjusted by the application of different age nursery stock.Moreover,the quadratic equation of one variable between harvest timing and the number of young plant leaves could be used to predict the harvest timing.By transplanting the different age of the nursery stock,thefarmers could preventchilling injury during the banana growth in the field as well.