利用GC-MS和电子鼻研究1-MCP对‘嘎拉’苹果常温贮藏期间芳香物质的影响

Influence of 1-MCP on the aromatic substance emitted by 'Gala' apple during storage by using GC-MS and electronic nose technology

【目的】研究1-MCP对‘嘎拉’苹果常温贮藏期间的挥发性芳香物质的影响,探讨电子鼻技术在苹果采后挥发性物质检测与分类中的应用。【方法】以‘嘎拉’苹果为试材,采用顶空固相微萃取(SPME)结合气相色谱-质谱联用(GCMS)技术,分析1-MCP对‘嘎拉’苹果采后挥发性芳香物质的影响,使用PEN3电子鼻无损检测结合线性判别分析(LDA),研究1-MCP对‘嘎拉’苹果采后挥发性物质的影响。【结果】GC-MS检测结果表明,1-MCP处理显著抑制了‘嘎拉’苹果常温贮藏期间醛类、醇类、酯类物质以及草蒿脑的产生,但对酮类物质影响不大,显著减少了芳香物质的种类和总含量;电子鼻线性判别分析(LDA)结果表明,除贮藏6 d的果实外,其余贮藏期的对照和1-MCP处理果实可以完全区分开。【结论】1-MCP处理显著抑制了‘嘎拉’苹果常温贮藏期间芳香物质的合成,利用电子鼻可以在一定程度上区分不同贮藏期的对照和1-MCP处理果实。

【Objective】To study the effects of 1-MCP on the aromatic substance of ‘Gala' apple during storage at 20 ℃ and to explore the application of electronic nose technology on detective and classification of volatile components emitted by apple fruits during storage.【Method】The volatile compounds of ‘Gala'apple from different storage time and different treatments were extracted by headspace solid phasemicro-extraction(SPME) and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).An electronic nose(PEN3) combined with linear discrimination analysis(LDA) was used to study the effects of 1-MCP treatment on the volatile compounds emitted by ‘Gala' apple during storage at 20 ℃.【Result】The results of GC-MS showed that 1-MCP treatment inhibited production of many volatile alcohols,aldehydes,esters and estrogen,including varieties and total contents of those volatile components,but had little effecton the emission of ketones.Result of the liner discrimination analysis(LDA) of electronic nose indicatedthat the control and 1-MCP-treated fruits from different storage time except those from 6 days of storage could be discriminated.【Conclusion】1-MCP treatment significantly inhibited the synthesis of aromatic substances emitted by ‘Gala' apple during storage.The control and 1-MCP treated fruits from different storage time could be distinguished to acertain degree by using electronic nose.