枣胚培养研究进展

Advances in research on embryo culture of Chinese Jujube

从枣胚败育原因、胚培养影响因素、胚培养成苗途径等方面对枣胚培养研究进行了综述。枣胚败育主要由授粉受精不良、胚和胚乳发育不良、激素水平异常等引起;影响胚培养的因素主要有胚龄、培养基和环境条件;胚培养成苗途径主要有维持胚性生长的直接成苗、脱分化成愈伤组织的器官发生、体细胞胚的发生等3种。今后还需深入研究枣胚败育的机理、完善枣幼胚离体培养条件与方法,加快推进枣育种技术创新进程。

【Objective】This paper deals with the advances in research on embryo culture of Ziziphus jujuba Mill.,inluding the progress of the embryo abortion mechanism,factors that affect embryo culture,as well as the ways of embryo culture techniques.The embryo abortion of Chinese jujube is mainly caused by bad pollination and fertilization,embryo and endosperm hypoplasia,abnormal hormone levels.The main influence factors of young embryo culture of Chinese jujube are discussed,such as embryo age,medium,environment condition.There are three seedling approaches of the embryo culture,i.e.,direct seedling,callus culture,and somatic embryogenesis.In the future,it is necessary to deeply research the mechanism of embryo abortion,improve condition and method of immature embryo culture and accelerate breeding technology innovation process.