果园变量施药机械及施药技术研究现状与趋势

Current research situation and development trend of equipment and technology for orchard spraying

首先介绍了果园植保机械发展现状以及存在的问题,提出了发展变量施药机械与施药技术的必要性。然后从变量药液喷施技术和辅助气流变量控制技术两个方面介绍了果园变量施药技术研究现状,指出了目前变量施药技术研究主要是针对新技术的研发,而对于具体作业对象所需喷雾量和辅助气流的作业模型的建立却少有研究。在此基础上,提出了进一步研发适合果树种植要求、各地区地理特征的新型果园喷雾机械,深入研究变量施药技术、防飘移技术以及雾滴在作物表面特性的研究方向。

The current situation and development trend for orchard spraying were introduced,and the ne-cessity of development of variable spraying equipments and application techniques for orchard sprayingwas proposed. Then,the current research situation of variable rate spray applications for orchard sprayingwas highlightedly introduced which included liquid variable rates and variable-rate airflow systems. Itwas pointed out that the current researches on variable application technologies were mainly aimed at thedevelopment of new technologies,and a few studies was focused on the establishment of the model ofspraying application rate for specific orchard. Finally,the future development direction for orchard spray-ing was proposed which included further research on intelligent orchard sprayer,variable applicationtechnologies,anti-drift technology and the characteristic of droplets on crop surface.