花椒流胶病病原鉴定及其生物学特性

Identification and biological characteristics of pathogens of Chinese pepper gummosis

【目的】分离鉴定甘肃陇南地区花椒流胶病病原菌,明确该病原菌的生物学的特性.【方法】采用形态学结合分子生物学的方法对花椒流胶病病原菌进行分离纯化及鉴定,确定造成花椒流胶病的主要病原菌;采用菌丝生长速率法,测定光照、pH、温度、不同培养基、碳源和氮源对病原菌生长的影响.【结果】造成花椒流胶病的主要致病菌为三线镰孢菌(Fusarium tricinctum)和小穴壳菌属(Dothiorella sp.).三线镰孢菌在黑暗条件下有利于菌丝生长,适宜pH值为6～8,生长最适温度为25℃,最适培养基为PDA培养基,最佳碳源为淀粉,最佳氮源为硝酸钠;小穴壳菌属在光暗交替条件下有利于菌丝生长,适宜pH为6～8,生长最适温度为25℃,最适培养基为PSA培养基,最佳碳源为淀粉,最佳氮源为硝酸钠.【结论】花椒流胶病病原菌具有碳氮源营养来源广泛,适宜偏碱环境生长,耐高温的生物学特性,为花椒流胶病的防治研究奠定了初步的基础.

【Objective】 This study was conducted to isolate and identify the pathogens of Chinese pepper gummosis in Longnan area of Gansu Province,and explore the biological characteristics of the pathogens.【Method】 The morphological and molecular biology methods were used to isolate,purify and identify the pathogenic strains,determine the main pathogens that cause Chinese pepper gummosis. The effects of light,pH,temperature,different medium,carbon source and nitrogen source on the pathogen growth were measured with the method of mycelium growth rate.【Result】 The main pathogens causing Chinese pepper gummosis were Fusarium tricinctum and Dothiorella sp. The mycelium of F. tricinctum grew better under dark conditions,the suitable pH value was 6~8,the optimum growth temperature was 25 ℃,the optimum culture medium was PDA,the best carbon and nitrogen sources were starch and sodium;The mycelium of Dothiorella sp. grew better under alternated light conditions,suitable pH value was 6~8,the optimum growth temperature was 25 ℃,the optimum culture medium was PSA,the best carbon and nitrogen sources were starch and sodium.【Conclusion】 The pathogens of Chinese pepper gummosis adapted wide range of carbon and nitrogen sources,and the suitable environment was alkaline. their high temperature resistance was strong.