灌溉定额对陇春30号单作及间作产量和边行效应的影响

Effect of Irrigation Quota on Yield and Marginal Effect of Single Cropping and Intercropping of Longchun 30

在甘肃河西绿洲灌区,在不同种植方式和灌水水平下,对单作及间作陇春30号春小麦产量和边行效应进行了比较研究。结果表明,在高、中、低定额灌水水平下,间作春小麦比单作春小麦折合产量分别提高了33.12%、28.34%、20.96%;间作春小麦较单作春小麦边1行、边2行、边3行产量分别提高49.06%～72.57%、14.29%～29.87%、11.39%～13.41%。单作小麦在高定额灌水水平下,边1行产量比边2行、边3行分别提高了15.3%、37.8%,中定额灌水水平下,提高了17.8%、34.2%,低定额灌水水平下,提高了14.3%、17.3%。间作条件下,高定额灌水处理边1行比边2行、边3行产量提高了74.1%、20.4%,中定额灌水处理提高了53.4%、79.5%,低定额灌水处理提高了40.0%、64.7%,边行优势主要表现在间作中。间作春小麦折合产量和边行优势都优于单作春小麦的主要原因是间作春小麦的成穗数、穗粒数、小穗数等的提高。

The yield and side effect of single cropping and intercropping Longchun 30 spring wheat were compared under different planting methods and irrigation water levels in Hexi Oasis Irrigation District of Gansu. The results showed that the yield of intercropped spring wheat was 33.12%,28.34% and 20.96% higher than that of monocultured spring wheat under high,medium and low irrigation quotas,and the yield of intercropped spring wheat was 49.06%~72.57%,14.29%~29.87% and 11.39%~13.41% higher than that of monocultured spring wheat at the edge of one row,two rows and three rows,respectively. The yield of single cropping wheat under high irrigation level was 15.3% and 37.8% higher than that of two and three lines at the edge,17.8% and 34.2% higher than that under medium irrigation level,and 14.3% and 17.3% higher than that under low irrigation level. Under intercropping conditions,the yield of High-quota irrigation increased by 74.1%,20.4%,53.4%,79.5% and40.0%,64.7% respectively,compared with two and three lines at the side,while the yield of medium-quota irrigation increased by 53.4%,79.5%,and that of low-quota irrigation increased by 40.0% and 64.7%. The edge advantage was mainly reflected in intercropping. The main reason why intercropping spring wheat is superior to monoculture spring wheat in terms of yield and edge row advantage is that the number of spikes,grains per spike and spikelets per spike increased in intercropping spring wheat.