宋代医籍《外科精要》临证用药配伍规律的数据挖掘研究

Data mining study on the clinical medication and compatibility laws recorded in Waike Jingyao

目的采用数据挖掘的方法探讨宋代名医陈自明所撰《外科精要》辨治中医外科疾病用药组方配伍规律及主干药的功效。方法整理《外科精要》辨治中医外科疾病方药并将方剂录入计算机,建立《外科精要》方药数据库,运用数据挖掘的方法分析其方剂的组方配伍规律。结果整理《外科精要》方剂99首,使用中药174味,用药总次数达499次。采用统计学方法筛选出高频核心药为甘草、乳香、黄芪、大黄、当归、人参、木香、没药、瓜蒌等;核心药类为补虚药、清热药、活血化瘀药、解表药、理气药等;药性为温、寒、平,累计频率达92.99%;药味为苦、甘、辛,累计频率达86.42%;归经为脾、胃、心、肺、肝、肾,累计频率达86.09%。结论陈自明擅长运用核心药加减,药类主要以补虚药为主,配伍清热药、活血化瘀药、解表药、理气药治疗中医外科疾病。

Objective To explore the TCM clinical medication,compatibility laws and effect of principal agents in diagnosing and treating surgical diseases in Waike Jingyao( Essence of Diagnosis and Treatment of External Diseases) written by CHEN Ziming,a famous doctor in Ming Dynasty. Methods Medical prescriptions recorded in the book were sorted out and input into computer so as to set up a database for the Waike Jingyao. The laws of drug compound and compatibility were analyzed based on data mining. Results There are 99 prescriptions,in which are174 herbal medicines and the total frequency of drug administration is 499. Based on statistical approach,it shows that the high-frequent and core drugs are Glycyrrhiza uralensis,Frankincense,Astragalus,Rheum officinale,Angelica sinensis,Ginseng,Radix Aucklandiae,Myrrh,Trichosanthes Kirilowii. The main medicines are classified for restoring vital energy,heat-clearing,promoting circulation and removing stasis,relieving exterior disorder,regulating vital e nergy.The drugs have warm,cold and peaceful properties,the accumulative frequency is 92.99%; the flavor of drugs are bitter,sweet and pungent,the accumulative frequency is 86. 42%. Medicinal herbs' meridian tropism acts on spleen,stomach,heart,lungs,liver and kidney,the accumulative frequency is 86.09%. Conclusion Doctor CHEN Ziming was good at drug prescribing flexibly. He used main drugs for restoring vital energy together with other medicines for heat-clearing,promoting circulation and removing stasis,relieving exterior disorder,regulating vital energy in treating surgical diseases.