采矿迹地生态重建研究实例

An Example of Study on Ecological Rehabilitation in Mined-land

探讨了采矿迹地生态重建的途径。首先分析了采矿迹地的水土流失特性 ,并根据研究区域的特点设计了沉沙池来测定采矿迹地的土壤侵蚀模数 ,最后设计出生物和工程措施对采矿迹地进行治理。结果表明 :通过生物措施和工程措施相结合对采矿迹地进行治理 ,大大降低了该区的年土壤侵蚀量 ,年土壤侵蚀模数由原来的 4 190 5 .33～5 4 4 33.4 1t/ (km2 · a) ,降低至 6 94 .32 t/ (km2 · a) ,已接近无明显流失状态。生物措施和工程措施相结合对采矿迹地水土流失进行治理是一个很有效的方法 ,不过生物措施只强调种草种树是不够的 ,而要在其上种植具有一定经济价值的果树 ,这样才能促进治理者对该区的持续治理。

The approach of ecological rehabilitation in the mined land was discussed and the deposit ponds were designed to measure the modulus of soil erosion in the mined land according to the property of study region.Lastly,the biologic and project measures were designed to administer the mined land.It was indicated that combining biologic measure with project measure can decrease soil erosion greatly in the mined land and the annual modulus of soil erosion declined from 41 905.33~54 433.41 t/(km 2·a) to 694.32 t/(km 2·a) through administration.It is nearly non obvious level.It was concluded that it is an effective method to combine biologic measure with project measure to conserve water and soil in the mined land.Not only planting grasses and trees,but also developing orchards with economic value.Only by this way,can it propel sustainable management.