缺钙胁迫下花生植株的傅里叶红外光谱研究

Fourier Transform Infrared Spectral Analysis on Peanut(Arachis Hypogaea) Plants under Calcium Deficiency Stress

钙(Ca)是植物必需营养元素之一,对植物的生长、发育与生理代谢等起着重要作用。缺钙会减少作物的产量,降低品质,因此影响经济价值。花生(Arachis hypogaea)是对缺钙很敏感的作物。试验选取LH11与YZ9102两个花生品种为供试作物,待花生幼苗长出第一片真叶以后,转移至营养液中,分别在三个钙处理(0,0.01和2.0mmol·L-1)下培养28d,随后取样分析花生幼苗生长情况与钙吸收,并利用傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)检测花生苗期植株不同器官的特征吸收峰,研究缺钙胁迫下花生苗期植株体内的化学组分变化。试验结果表明:在0和0.01 mmol·L-1钙处理下,花生品种YZ9102并未出现缺钙症状,但是品种LH11缺钙症状明显:叶片变小、植株变矮、茎尖顶端生长点坏死,基部侧枝数增多。品种YZ9102植株体内与LH11相比较,有较高的钙浓度与钙积累量。0和0.01mmol·L-1的钙缺钙营养液培养下,品种LH11根系钙积累量在整个植株中所占比例较高,而品种YZ9102在叶中钙积累比例较高。与正常钙供应处理相比,缺钙胁迫下,品种LH11根、茎、叶FTIR谱在1 060,1 380,1 655,2 922和3 420cm-1波长附近透射率较高,表明缺钙胁迫下花生幼苗植株体内蛋白质、糖类和脂类等组分明显降低,但品种YZ9102受到缺钙胁迫影响较小。品种YZ9102比LH11更耐缺钙胁迫。

The objective of the present study was to reveal different tolerance of peanut plants to Ca deficiency by determining Ca uptake and Fourier transform infrared spectral (FTIR) differences of two peanut cultivars grown in nutrition solution .Peanut cultivars LH11 and YZ9102 were selected .Seedlings at the first leaf stage were cultivated for 28 days in nutrient solution with 0 , 0.01 and 2.0 mmol · L -1 Ca treatments ,respectively .The results showed that under 0 and 0.01 mmol · L -1 Ca supply , YZ9102 did not show Ca deficiency symptoms and the plant biomass did not change ,whereas LH11 exhibited shoot-tip necrosis , smaller plant size ,more lateral branches ,and plant dry matter weights decreased significantly .YZ9102 had higher plant Ca con-centration and Ca accumulation than LH11 .Besides ,for LH11 ,Ca was mainly accumulated in roots ,while for YZ9102 mainly in leaves .As compared with plants cultivated in 2.0 mol · L -1 Ca nutrition ,root ,stem and leaf of LH11 plants under Ca defi-ciency stress showed higher transmittance at peaks 1 060 ,1 380 ,1 655 ,2 922 ,and 3 420 cm-1 in FTIR spectra ,indicating that the contents of protein ,sugar and lipid decreased obviously in LH11 plants in condition that Ca supply was limited .However , the FTIR spectra of YZ9102 were less affected by Ca deficiency .It is suggested that YZ9102 might be more tolerant to Ca defi-ciency .