上海市1999～2001年监测人群脑卒中发病现状分析

An Analysis of Incidence Rate of Stroke in Monitored Population of Shanghai from 1999 to 2001

目的 了解上海市1999～2001年心脑血管疾病防治点社区监测人群中脑卒中发病现状及变化趋势,探索降低社区人群脑卒中发病率的有效措施。方法 利用上海市1999～2001年心脑血管疾病防治监测网络系统收集的脑卒中新发病例登记报告及汇总资料进行统计分析,并对监测人群脑卒中发病率进行趋势分析。结果 上海市1999～2001年120万监测人群,脑卒中3年平均发病率为154.84/10万(标化发病率为77.00/10万),市区和郊区脑卒中3年平均发病率分别为174.92/10万(标化发病率为75.88/10万)和133.77/10万(标化发病率为84.71/10万)。3年来全市监测人群脑卒中总发病率呈下降趋势,其中市区下降较明显,而郊区略有上升。无论市区和郊区均以缺血性脑卒中发病率最高,脑卒中发病率男性均高于女性,35岁以上各年龄组发病率随年龄增长呈几何级数增加,60岁以上发病人数占总发病人数的88.79％。结论 3年来上海市监测人群脑卒中总发病率呈下降趋势,可能与上海市在心脑血管疾病防治点社区开展以控制高血压为主的社区人群综合性干预措施有关。建议以点带面加强全市社区人群脑卒中的防治工作,尤其要加强郊区人群的脑卒中防治工作,并以60岁以上人群为重点防治对象。

Objective To understand the current situation and the trend of incidence of stroke in monitored population in Shanghai trial communities for comprehensive preventing and controlling cardio - cerebrovascular diseases from 1999 to 2001, and to explore the effective measures for decreasing the incidence rate of stroke in the community population. Methods Data on morbidity of stroke were collected and analyzed from the monitoring system of cardio - cerebrovascular diseases in Shanghai. Results In the recent three years, the average incidence rate of stroke was 154.84/105 (the standardized morbidity was 77.00/105) in 1.2 million monitored population in Shanghai trial communities, in which the urban and the rural population accounted for 51% and 49%, respectively. The average incidence rate of stroke in the urban and the rural areas was 174.92/105 (the standardized morbidity was 75.88/105) and 133.77/105 (the standardized morbidity was 84.7/105), respectively. During the recent three years, the total incidence rate of stroke in monitored population had a tendency of declining. The declining of incidence rate was more remarkable lower in the urban areas than that in the rural areas. In both of the urban and the rural areas, the incidence rate of ischemic stroke was in the highest ranking of the incidence of all types of stroke. However, the incidence rate of stroke in males was higher than that in females. The incidence rate of stroke ascended exponentially with the age increasing. The numbers of stroke patients aged above 60 years old accounted for 88.79% in total numbers of stroke patients. Conclusions It was demonstrated that the comprehensive intervention measurements for preventing and controlling stroke, which were conducted in Shanghai trial communities, made it possible to decline the total incidence rate of stroke in monitored population. It is suggested that more attention should be paid to preventing and controlling stroke in Shanghai, especially in the rural areas, and the population aged above 60 years old should be considered as the most important target persons for community- based intervention.