蒸汽水下喷注噪声的理论分析及实验研究

Emission behavior of acoustic noise of steam jet in subcooled water and experimental study

从单个汽泡在过冷水中的振动方程出发,导出了汽泡破裂时噪声辐射的数学模型。从理论上分析了蒸汽在水下有限空间内喷注时,喷注噪声的噪声源和辐射规律,发现水的过冷度对噪声的声压级和频率影响非常显著,这一发现已被随后的实验所证实。在此基础上,进行了降噪实验,证明导流筒对降噪效果显著,同时发现临界流量对噪声的影响明显,在达到临界流量时,喷注噪声的声压级将大幅度降低。

The mathematical model of a steam bubble which breaks in subcooled water was set up. Based on the model, the origination of a steam microjet noise and the noise emission behaviors were discussed. It is found that the subcooling degree possess a great effect on the noise level and frequency. In experiment, it is observed that the subcooling degree has a great effect on the noise level of a steam-to-water micro-jet. The experiments to reduce noise level were done. It is proved that fixing a director on the nozzle can greatly reduce the noise level. It is also noticed that the critical flux has an effect on the noise level. When reaching the critical flux, the noise level is very low.