长期海上航行官兵口腔颊黏膜细菌学变化研究

Bacteriological change in buccal mucosa during long-term voyage

目的了解执行长期海上航行官兵任务前、中、后期口腔颊黏膜细菌分布变化,为舰艇官兵长期海上航行期间口腔疾病的防治提供依据。方法用采样拭子采集口腔颊黏膜标本164份,进行细菌培养,根据细菌在不同培养基上的生长情况进行细菌分纯,取纯培养细菌进行手工鉴定及基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱仪鉴定。结果从164份口腔颊黏膜标本分离出病原菌18种64株。任务后期与前期比较,病原菌分离数量增加,栖居菌分离数量减少。医疗组与机电组比较,在任务中、后期病原菌检出率之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),栖居菌检出率之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论长时间海上航行,舰员易发生航行疲劳,导致机体免疫功能下降,口腔菌群失调,正常栖居菌数减少,而病原菌数增加,容易引发口腔及其他系统疾病。

Objective To study the bacteriological change in buccal mucosa of sailors during long-term voyage and provide basis for the prevention and treatment of buccal diseases .Methods Bacterial cultivation ,isolation of 164 buccal mucosa specimens were used and analyzed by both handwork and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) identification .Results 18 species and 64 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from the whole samples .The num-ber of pathogenic bacteria increased while the number of dwelling bacteria decreased significantly later in the voyage .Comparing with the medical group ,the number of pathogenic bacteria detected in mechanical and electrical group was significantly high (P<0 .05) ,during and after the long-term voyage .As for dwelling bacteria ,no significant difference was observed in between the two groups(P>0 .05) .Conclusion Sailors to fatigue during long-term voyage indicates by decline of immunological function and buccal dysbacteriosis ,which easily lead to buccal and other system diseases .