几种中国野生虫草及人工虫草中微量元素的含量特征

Characteristics of trace element contents in Chinese wild and cultured Cordyceps

目的测定几种不同种类野生虫草及人工培养虫草样品中微量元素含量,分析微量元素含量特征。方法收集产自中国部分省区的雪峰虫草、球孢虫草、冬虫夏草、凉山虫草和新古尼虫草等5个种7个野生虫草样品,以及新古尼发酵菌丝粉、蝉花纯粉与菌质纯粉、小麦固体培养蛹虫草的培养基及其子实体、市售蛹虫草的子实体和柞蚕蛹虫草等7种人工培养虫草产品类样品,利用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)测定样品中16种微量元素含量,对比分析不同类型虫草中微量元素的含量特征。结果从所试野生虫草及人工虫草样品中均检测到较高含量的Mn、Fe、Cu、Zn、Sr等微量元素,且在野生虫草中含量普遍较高;而Se、Cs、V、Ni、Co等微量元素则大多从多数野生虫草及少数人工虫草样品中检测到,但除了Ni在几个野生和人工虫草样品中含量较高以外,其余元素的含量都普遍较低。另外,从所试所有野生虫草及人工虫草样品中均检测出重金属元素Cr、Pb和Hg,且野生虫草的检出均值高于人工虫草。重金属元素As从大部分样品中检出,Cd仅从野生和人工各1个样品中检出,而Ti则从全部样品中均未检出。结论微量元素含量最高值大多在野生虫草中,而含量最低值则多在人工虫草样品中。

Objectives To determine the content of trace elements in wild and artificially cultured Cordyceps samples to explore the characteristic of trace element distribution. Methods Seven wild Cordyceps samples, involving 5 species of Ophiocordyceps xuefengensis,Cordyceps bassiana,C. sinensis,C. liangshanensis and Metacordyceps neogunnii,were collected from several provinces of China. In addition,seven artificially cultured Cordyceps samples were collected,which included the mycelium powders of M. neogunnii,the pure powders of C. sobolifera,the culture substances of C. sobolifera,the culture medium and the fruiting bodies of C. militaris,the fruiting bodies of C. militaris,and the fruiting bodies of C. militaris on Antheraea pernyi pupa. The contents of 16 trace elements in the samples were determined by the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS). Results The Mn,Fe,Cu,Zn and Sr elements were all detected in a larger amount in all samples and the relatively higher contents of these elements were observed more in the wild samples than in the artificial samples. The elements Se,Cs,V,Ni and Co were detected in most of the wild samples and a few artificial samples,but the contents of these elements were quite low except for the Ni element. The heavy metal elements Cr,Pb and Hg were detected in all samples,with the higher average contents in the wild samples. The element As was detected in most samples,while the element Cd was detected only in one of the wild and one of artificial samples. In contrast,Ti was not detected in all samples. Conclusion The highest contents for each of the detected elements in the present work were seen more in the wild samples than in the artificial samples,whereas the lowest contents for each of the detected elements were mostly in the artificial samples.