寨卡病毒动物感染模型的建立及应用

Establishment and application of animal infection model of Zika virus

寨卡病毒与新生儿小头畸形、格林-巴利综合征等严重神经系统疾病密切相关。作为一种新发、突发传染病,寨卡病毒动物感染模型成为当前研究热点。动物感染模型的建立对于病毒致病机制研究、病原-宿主相互作用研究有重要意义,更是药物和疫苗研发所不可或缺的重要环节。本文基于寨卡病毒感染所致的不同疾病和不良结局,主要围绕致死性感染模型、神经系统损伤模型以及生殖系统损伤模型,对现有寨卡病毒动物感染模型及其应用进行综述。

Zika virus(ZIKV)is closely related to severe neurological diseases such as neonatal microcephaly and GuillainBarre syndrome. As a new emergent infectious disease,the investigation on animal infection model of ZIKV has become a research hotspot. Establishment of animal infection models,an indispensable phase in drug and vaccine research and development,is of great significance to the study of viral pathogenesis and pathogen-host interaction. Based on the different diseases and adverse outcomes caused by the ZIKV infection,this paper reviews the current animal infection models of ZIKV and their applications in medical research,focusing on the lethal infection model,nervous system damage model and reproductive system damage model.