马克思没有把艺术作品归属于意识形态——从上层建筑的构成看艺术的确切社会定位

Marx Not Put the Artistic Works under the Jurisdiction of Ideology:View on the Arts' Social Orientation from the Constitution of Superstructure

长期以来,由于把马克思对社会物质生产的经济结构的描述,误读为对人类社会基本构架的揭示,导致把艺术作品也归属于意识形态的范畴,造成了马克思自身理论上的矛盾和不解。实际上马克思是把上层建筑的构成划分为三个层次,艺术作品属于社会意识形式的层次,它依社会意识而产生,又生发出艺术的思想理论来;反过来,艺术的思想理论又制约着社会的艺术生产,通过艺术作品丰富人们的精神生活并影响着人们的社会意识,最终达到改造世界的目的。

Marx's description to the economic structure of social material production has been mistaken to the announcement to the basic form of human society for a long time which leads to the artistic works under the jurisdiction of ideology and also causes the contradictory and confusing to Marx's theory itself. In fact, Marx divided the superstructure into three levels. The artistic works belong to the level of social ideological form which emerge from the social consciousness and develop into the arts' theories. In turn, arts' theory reacts on the social arts' production. It enriches men's minds and influences their social consciousness and at last achieves the goal of reforming the world.