扩散光对大脑及乳腺的功能成像和监测

Functional Imaging & Monitoring of Brain & Breast with Diffuse Light

在乳腺癌成像、大脑的功能激活及临床研究、癌症治疗监测和肌肉疾病的研究等各种医疗解决方案中,功能性扩散光学成像和组织的光谱学技术逐渐成为一种重要的诊断方法。在简要介绍扩散光学的概念后,回顾了实验室多项近期的临床研究,特别是那些针对乳腺癌和脑功能的研究。乳腺癌研究的核心在于试点性的临床试验,目前已经进展到了对扩散光的定量评估,以用于肿瘤的检测和表征,也有助于癌症治疗检测等衍生问题的解决。扩散光学方法的第二个重要应用是在脑功能和生理学研究领域,这个领域中,组织氧消耗、维管联结和调节效应之间的相互作用甚少为人所知。这一方法在脑研究中的应用将会以多个示例介绍,包括临床上对急性缺血性脑卒中病人的看护等。

Functional diffuse optical imaging and spectroscopy of tissue is gaining momentum as a diagnostic in a variety of medical scenarios including breast cancer imaging,functional activation and clinical studies of brain,cancer therapy monitoring and the investigation of muscle disease.After a short introduction to diffuse optics,I will review several recent clinical studies from my lab,particularly those oriented towards breast cancer and brain function.Central to the breast cancer effort is a pilot clinical trial which has taken important steps towards quantitative assessment of diffuse optics for detection and characterization of tumors,and helps to spin-off problems such as cancer therapy monitoring.A second important application of diffuse optical methods is in the area of brain function and physiology wherein the interplay between tissue oxygen consumption,vascular supply,and regulatory effects remains poorly understood.The utility of this approach in brain will be demonstrated in several contexts,including the care of acute ischemic stroke(AIS)patients in the clinic.