基于激光扫描投影的轨道客车精准装配技术研究

Research on precise assembly technology of railway vehicles based on laser scanning projection

为提高轨道客车装配时车体零部件的定位准确度,解决现存人工划线、制作模板等传统工艺引起的定位精度差、工作效率低等问题,基于激光扫描投影技术建立了全新的精准辅助装配系统。通过研究系统的数学模型,分析了其在不同投影角度上的投影误差,并依据上述分析得出了站位布置模型。将系统应用于实际装配中,实现了定位准确、工作效率高的特点。实际应用效果表明,定位精度可优于0.5mm,有效克服了现存定位装配工艺中需制造大量专用模板工装,工装定位位置不准确,人工描线定位精度极差等缺点。

A new precision auxiliary assembly system based on laser scanning projection technology was established,which can contribute to improve the position accuracy and efficiency of railway vehicles’s components assembly.The projection errors at different projection angles were analyzed according to the studied mathematical model of the laser projection system,and the layout model was obtained as well.Then,the developed system was applied in practical application.The results show that the positioning accuracy can be better than 0.5 mm,and the developed system can effectively overcomes the disadvantages of existing assembly technology,such as the need to manufacture a large number of special template tooling,inaccurate positioning position of the tooling,and poor position accuracy caused by manual lineation,etc.