烟草烟碱代谢的生化和分子机制及其调控

Biochemical and Molecular Mechanism of Nicotine Metabolism in Tobacco Plants

烟碱是烟草主要的生物碱,占总生物碱含量的90%左右,与抵御虫害密切相关,也是烟草和卷烟质量的一项重要指标。烟碱的积累是编码烟碱生物合成途径的结构基因协同表达的结果,而结构基因通常由COI1、JAZ、MYC-2等调节基因控制。目前已鉴定出参与烟碱和降烟碱生物合成、调控和转运的大多数基因。本文系统地综述目前对于烟碱的代谢途径、转化、上游调控及转运等方面的最新研究进展,展望了未来烟草烟碱研究中值得关注的方向,这在分子水平上更好的探索烟碱的生物合成具有重要意义,以减轻烟草制品的应用对健康的损害。

Nicotine is a major alkaloids in tobacco plants, nicotine content accounted for about 90% of the total alkaloid content, related to resist insect attack, is also an important indicator of quality of tobacco and cigarette.Nicotine accumulation is the coordination of coding the structure of the nicotine biosynthesis pathway gene expression as a result, the structure of the gene is usually composed of COI1, JAZ, MYC-2 regulate gene control,etc. Advances in molecular biology have led to the characterization of the majority of the genes encoding the enzymes responsible the biosynthesis of nicotine and nornicotine, regulation and transport. This paper systematically reviewed the new research progress about nicotine metabolic pathways, conversion, upstream regulation, and transportation, and prospects the further research direction about nicotine metabolism, the better at the molecular level to explore nicotine biosynthesis is of great significance, and to help mitigate some of the negative health consequences associated with the use of tobacco products.