几种常见真菌毒素脱毒方法的研究进展

Progress of Detoxification for Several Common Mycotoxins

真菌毒素是真菌在生长过程中所产生的一些次级代谢产物,广泛存在于谷物和饲料中,对人畜健康危害极大。常见的真菌毒素有:黄曲霉毒素、赭曲霉毒素、玉米赤霉烯酮、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇、T-2毒素、伏马菌素等。真菌毒素的脱毒主要是指破坏、除去以及减少粮食中毒素毒害的收获后处理。在现有的脱毒方法中,物理脱毒方法包括蒸煮、吸附、辐射等,化学脱毒方法包括添加化学物质和杀菌剂等,生物脱毒方法包括微生物吸附和微生物降解等。本文对常见真菌毒素的脱毒方法以及其它最新的脱毒方法进行了综述。

Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by fungi in the growth process. It exists widely in grain and feed, it is harmful to human and animal health. The common mycotoxins are aflatoxin, ochratoxin,zearalenone, deoxynivalenol, T-2 toxin, fumonisins and so on. Fungal toxins detoxification is mainly refers to destroy, to remove and reduce toxin poisoning of post-harvest handling. In the existing methods of detoxification,physical detoxification methods including cooking, adsorption, radiation, etc. Chemical detoxification method including adding chemicals and fungicide, etc. Biological detoxification method including microbial adsorption and microbial degradation. In this paper, the methods of mycotoxins detoxification and other latest detoxification methods are reviewed.