高效羽毛降解菌株的鉴定及发酵条件的优化

Identification and Optimization of Fermentation Conditions for Highly Efficient Feather Degrading Strains

通过前期研究筛选获得一株高效降解羽毛的菌株BS8,该菌株在48 h内可将完整羽毛全部降解。研究其对不同动物毛发的降解能力发现,该菌株对羽毛类硬蛋白降解效果最明显。通过形态学、生理生化特性及16S r DNA分析,结果表明该菌株为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)。对菌株的最适培养条件进行了单因素试验优化,同时将显著因素进行正交试验。试验结果表明,枯草芽孢杆菌BS8液体发酵的最适培养条件为:起始p H 8.0,发酵温度37℃,接种量2%,羽毛含量1%,转速180 r/min,摇床培养48 h。在上述条件下测得其角蛋白酶活力为23.6 U/m L,相对于优化前18.2 U/m L提高了29.7%。废弃羽毛经枯草芽孢杆菌BS8发酵酶解不仅有利于环境保护,其发酵产物可广泛用于饲料蛋白源及有机肥料。

The strain BS8 of highly effective degrading feather was obtained by the early research, which could be used to degrade the whole feathers in 48 h. The degradation ability of different animal hair was studied, and the effect of the strain on the feather keratin degradation was most obvious. The results showed that the strain was Bacillus subtilis by morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16 S r DNA analysis. The optimum culture conditions of strain were optimized by single factor test and the orthogonal test was carried out.The experimental results showed that the optimum culture conditions for liquid fermentation of strain BS8: initial p H 8.0, fermentation temperature 37℃, inoculation amount of 2%, feather content of 1%, 180 r/min shaking culture48 h. Under these conditions, the keratinase activity of 23.6 U/m L was detected, which was increased by 29.7%compared with the pre optimized of the 18.2 U/m L. The production of waste feather by strain BS8 was not only beneficial to environmental protection, but also might be widely used in feed protein source and organic fertilizer.