海州湾长牡蛎养殖区污损生物研究

Study on Fouling Organisms in Pacific Oysters(Crassostrea gigas) Culture Area of the Haizhou Bay

于2016年11月10日至2017年5月10日,对海州湾距离岸边由近到远的三个长牡蛎养殖区(站点1,站点2和站点3)的污损生物进行了调查研究。调查期间共发现污损生物9门,19种。三试验站点污损生物附着规律基本一致,3月份之前优势种为麦秆虫,其次为软丝藻、沙蚕;3月份之后优势种为海鞘,其次为紫贻贝。污损生物大量爆发时间在3、4月份,此时间段污损生物相对增长率达到最高。距离岸边中间距离的站点2污损生物绝对增长率和总湿重最高,且均显著大于其它两养殖站点(p<0.05)。污损生物爆发期间主要物种是复海鞘,其湿重占污损生物总湿重比值高达93%,是养殖区主要防除对象。本研究为海州湾污损生物防除以及水产贝类健康养殖提供了科学基础。

From November 10,2016 to May 10,2017,fouling organisms from three pacific oyster farming areas(Site 1,Site 2 and Site 3)from near to far from the shore of Haizhou Bay were investigated.The results showed that a total of 19 Species(9 Phyla)of fouling organisms were identified during the investigation.The adhesions of fouling organisms in three sampling sites was basically the same.The dominant species were skeleton shrimp,followed by Ulothrix flacca and clam worm before March,and the dominant species were ascidians,flowed by Mytilus edulis after March.The number of fouling organisms broke out in March and April respectively,and the relative growth rate of fouling or ganisms reached the highest level in this period.The absolute growth rate and total wet weight of fouling organisms in the site 2 located at the middle distance from the shore were the highest,which were significantly higher than those of the other two sampling sites(p<0.05).During the outbreak,the main fouling organism was the synasidia,and its wet weight accounted for 93%of the total wet weight of the fouling organisms,which was the main control species in oyster farming areas.This study might provide a scientific basis for the prevention of fouling organisms and healthy aquaculture of shellfish in Haizhou Bay.