一株短小芽孢杆菌及其在降低镉污染中的应用

A Bacillus pumilus and Its Application in Alleviate Cadmium Contamination

镉进入人体后可蓄积并抑制机体的酶系统,从而导致一系列疾病的出现。水稻能够吸收高含量的镉,这对以大米为主食的人群造成了巨大的安全隐患。为了了解微生物修复技术在低镉污染条件下对水稻安全生产的作用,本研究采用短小芽孢杆菌Bacillus pumilus SD1-1对土壤进行修复,结果表明在供试土壤镉浓度为0.5 mg/kg (纯Cd计)时,添加短小芽孢杆菌SD1-1 (10 g/kg土壤)的水稻根部,茎叶部以及籽实中的镉浓度相对于对照组减少11.36%、11.9%和11.76%。这表明特定微生物在土壤中对镉具有吸附作用,从而降低水稻根部对镉的积累,进而减少镉向茎叶部的运输,最终达到降低水稻籽实镉浓度的作用。本研究对低镉污染环境下水稻的安全生产提供了一定的理论基础和指导意义。

Cadmium(Cd)is a toxic metallic element,which can be accumulated in the human body.Once overtaking of Cd,a series of diseases will be caused by inhibiting the enzyme system.Rice can accumulate high levels of Cd in the process of production,which lead to huge potential hazards to human who depends on rice as basic food.To investigate the microorganism remedy technology to repair the polluted soil and reduce the bioaccumulation amount in rice at low Cd contaminated condition.The Cd-resistance strains were screened and the bio-improvement was analyzed.The results show that Cd concentration of the rice root,stem and leaves,and rice grains that inoculated Bacillus pumilus SD1-1(10 g/kg soild)was 11.36%,11.9%,and 11.76%less than the control group under 0.5 mg/kg(pure Cd)in polluted soil.The soil remediation of the particular microbes can cut down weaken the transport of Cd to stem,leaves and rice roots.Microbial remediation may be an effective way for safety production of rice at low Cd contaminated conditions.