中国民族史学与中华民族形成史研究的新思考:20世纪的学术回顾与理论反思

The New Thinking for the Research on the Chinese Nationality History knowledge and the Chinese Nation Formation History:The Learned Review and theory Consideration of the 20th century

本文简要回顾了 2 0世纪中国民族史学的成就 ,特别是从族别史研究 ,经民族关系史到中华民族形成史的学术发展历程 ,分析了中国民族史学发展三大阶段的基本特征、核心目的与任务 ,从时空变化的基本视角检讨了理论认识与民族史学发展的密切关系。本文认为 ,从族别史研究发展到民族关系史在中国民族史学发展中具有重要意义 ;80年代后期兴起的“族群关系理论”对民族史学的发展起到重要作用 ;费孝通提出的中华民族“多元一体格局理论”奠定了中国民族史研究的整体史观 ,促进了民族史学研究的全面深入和发展。

This article briefly reviewed the achievement of the Chinese nationality history knowledge in the 20th century, especially researching from the nationality difference history and the nation relation history to the Chinese nation formation history, analyzing the basic character, the central purpose and missions of the three stages of the Chinese nationality history knowledge. It examined the close relationship between the theory knowledge and the development of the nationality history knowledge from the time and space changing. This article considered that it has important meaning for the development of Chinese nationality history knowledge. To develop form the nation difference history to the nation relation history. The nation group relation theory, risen at the end of the 80th century plied a important role to the development of the nation history knowledge. The pluralistic and organic-whole pattern theory of the Chinese nation, risen by FeixiaoTong, laid the whole view to the research of the Chinese nation history, and promoted the research of the nation history knowledge to overall deeply develop.