甘薯新品种“文薯2号”产量和农艺性状的环境效应分析

Environmental Effects on Yield and Agronomic Traits of New Sweet Potato Variety “Wenshu 2”

为研究甘薯新品种文薯2号产量和农艺性状的自然变异规律和环境影响因素,本实验在不同环境因素下对文薯2号测定了产量和农艺性状,并作了相关性分析研究。结果表明:在文山州海拔600～1700 m的地区(开化和维摩)甘薯产量较高,海拔600 m以下的地区(天保和杨万)甘薯淀粉含量较高,海拔1700 m以上的地区(小街和薄竹)甘薯薯块熟食适口评分较好;甘薯农艺性状(干率、淀粉含量和薯块熟食适口评分)的平均变异系数均较低;海拔600～1700 m的地区(开化和维摩)的平均变异系数较低。相关性分析显示,甘薯鲜薯产量、淀粉产量和薯干重量之间呈极显著正相关(r≥0.708);基部分枝数与蔓长呈显著负相关(r=-0.391),与茎粗呈极显著负相关(r=-0.101);淀粉含量与商品薯率呈极显著负相关(r=-0.097),与茎粗呈显著负相关(r=-0.099),与干率呈极显著正相关(r=0.398);薯块熟食适口评分与干率、淀粉含量和淀粉产量均呈显著负相关(r=-0.748,-0.618,-0.498)。实验结果为进一步选育优质甘薯品种提供有利依据,并为甘薯资源开发提供方法和手段。

In order to investigate the natural variations and environmental effects on yield and agronomic traits of Wenshu 2,we determined the yield and agronomic traits of Wenshu 2 under different environmental factors and analyzed their correlations.Results indicated that the yield was higher in the regions(Kaihua and Weimo)at an altitude of 600~1700 m,the starch content was higher in the regions(Tianbao and Yangwan)at an altitude below 600 m,the palatability of tuber was better in the regions(Xiaojie and Bozhu)at an altitude above 1700 m,the mean variation coefficients(CV)of agronomic traits(dry matter content,starch content and palatability)were lower in the regions(Kaihua and Weimo)at an altitude of600~1700 m.Correlation analysis showed that fresh root yield,starch yield and dry root yield of sweet potato had very significant positive correlations(r≥0.708);base branch number had obvious negative correlation(r=-0.39)with vine length and very significant negative correlation with stem diameter(r=-0.101);starch content had very remarkable negative correlation with commodity rate(r=-0.097),and remarkable negative correlation with stem diameter(r=-0.099),and very significant positive correlation with dry matter content(r=0.398);palatability had significant negative correlations with dry matter content,starch content and starch yield(r=-0.748,-0.618 and-0.498).The experiment results provide some useful methods for further breeding high-quality cultivars and developing sweet potato resources.