全球市场合作民族志研究方法与试验

An Experimental Ethnographic Method to Study Global Market

合作民族志田野研究是人类学对当下市场、环境、安全危机频发的全球化时代回应的一种新兴试验,是1995年George Marcus所提出的多点民族志的延展,它受到法国哲学家Deleuze和Guattari"块茎"(rhizome)和"聚簇"(assemblage)概念的启发,颇受人类学界研究全球经济和生态学者的青睐。松茸世界研究团队历时多年在北美、日本、中国、韩国等地开展的对松茸蘑菇的研究成为合作民族志的典范。合作民族志在日益兴起的同时也经受着学科机构设置、资金来源、不平等权力关系等多重制约。

The Collaborative Ethnography is a newly experiment in anthropology responding to the fast changeable era of globalization with always-emergent conditions in market,environment and security.As an extension of Multi-Sited Ethnography,the Collaborative ethnography is inspired by Gilles Deleuze and Félix Gutarrie’s philosophical concepts of rhizome and assemblage,and favored by anthropologists who are willing to refigure their research subjects as well as methods in the global economy and ecology.Matsutake World Research Group sets a promising example in exploring'a new anthropology of always-inprogress collaboration'research of matsutake and mushroom in North America,Japan,China and Korea.However,the development of the Collaborative Ethnography is constrained by multiple factors,such as disciplinary boundaries,funding sources,and unequal distribution of power.