国家主导下的城市社区治理:四方互动及诉讼外的纠纷化解

State-led Urban Community Governance:The Quadripartite Interactions and Non-judicial Dispute Settlement

基于2015年至2016年在上海社区的深度研究,通过老旧公房小区群体性纠纷化解的过程来展现居委会、物业公司、业委会和居民之间的四方互动。研究发现,居委会在上海当下的老旧小区中起到沟通和协调其他三方中的主导作用,从而令群体性纠纷得以通过诉讼外的途径解决。国家主导下的社区治理在有效控制基层社区和化解群体性矛盾中具有重要意义。社区治理中的四方互动有助于理解地方政府在缺乏体制内纠纷化解正式渠道的情况下,通过另一种制度安排来实现基层治理的逻辑。

Based on an intensive fieldwork in old residential communities in Shanghai from 2015 to 2016,this paper examines the quadripartite interaction among residents’committees,property management companies,homeowners’committees and residents in the process of collective dispute settlement in the urban privatized public housing neighborhoods.The paper finds that the residents’committees play a leading role in communicating and coordinating with the other three parties,which contributes to the non-judicial settlement of collective interest disputes in privatized public housing neighborhoods of today’s Shanghai.It argues that state-led community governance has its significance in realizing effective grassroots community control as well as defusing mass grievances.The quadripartite interaction is helpful to understand the local government’s trajectory of grassroots governance through the rationale of the Party-state’s institutional arrangement in the absence of formal channels of dispute settlement within the system in urban China.