民族旅游扶贫中的旅游吸引物建设——基于四川兴文县苗族旅游扶贫案例的分析

Construction of Tourist Attractions in Ethnic Pro-Poor Tourism——A Case Study of the Pro-Poor Tourism of Miao Ethnic Culture in Xingwen County of Sichuan Province

针对四川兴文县苗族旅游扶贫的案例研究发现,民族旅游扶贫中的吸引物建设有别于以市场为导向的传统旅游开发,因为不同利益相关者选择民族旅游吸引物的出发点各不相同:当地政府常基于上级政策和扶贫效果来决策,开发商则以低成本开发与清晰的产权为出发点,当地居民则以自身的可参与性来选择,而游客所青睐的是吸引物是能"舞台化"的"原真性"。因此,扶贫背景下的民族旅游吸引物建设过程,实际上是开发商在政府主导下综合考虑当地居民和游客诉求的结果,是一个兼顾各利益主体期望的旅游生产过程。

The research on the pro-poor tourism of Miao ethnic group in Xingwen County finds that the construction of tourist attractions in ethnic pro-poor tourism is different from that in traditional marketoriented tourism.This is because the start point of deciding attractions in ethnic tourism varies among different stakeholders.To be specific,the local government tends to follow policies of the superior governments or pursue the pro-poor effect;developers focus more on lower costs and clear property rights;the local people make their decisions on the basis of the possibility of participation;while tourists are more interested in the authenticity that can be staged.Thus,the construction of ethnic tourist attractions under the background of poverty alleviation is resulted from the developers' comprehensive consideration about the pursuits of local residents and tourists with the the leadership of the government,which is a process of tourism production taking the interests of different stakeholders into account.