村落文化资源法制体系中村民主体性问题研究

Study on the Subjectivity of Villagers in the Legal System of Village Cultural Resources

村落文化资源保护利用需要法制保障村民主体性。然而个案揭示,在现有法制环境下村民面临"资源被抽离,收益难回流,而责任风险易抛下"的窘境。反思发现,现行法律制度对于保障村民主体地位根本是无意识的,相关公法体系只注重客体保护,而私法体系事实消解了村民集体权益,使村民处在一个制度意义上就相对弱势的地位。为改变前述状况,建议未来以"见人见物见生活"为基本理念,修补制度缺陷,确立村民主体地位,以增强乡村振兴的内生动力。

The protection and utilization of village cultural resources require the subjectivity of villagers to be guaranteed by the legal system.However,case studies reveal that under the existing legal environment,villagers are faced with the predicament of'resources being withdrawn,revenues being hard to return,and liability risk being easily discarded'.Reflections show that villagers are in a relatively weak position in current legal system for the reason that the current legal system is barely intended to protect the subjectivity status of villagers,that the relevant public law system only pays attention to the protection of object,and that the existence of private law system dispels the collective rights and interests of villagers.In order to change these situations,it is suggested that in the future we should adopt the basic idea of'considering people,heritages and life',mend the defects of the system,and improve the subjectivity status of villagers,so as to enhance the endogenous motive force of rural revitalization.