清水江流域民族村寨生计变迁及可持续路径探析——以侗寨洞脚为例

Livelihood Change and Sustainable Path of Ethnic Villages in Qingshui River Basin——A Case Study on the Dong Village of Dongjiao

在市场经济的冲击下,民族村寨的传统生计方式与文化正发生变迁。以位于清水江流域的侗寨洞脚为例,认为民族村寨正由以传统农耕、狩猎与采集、山地畜牧、山地林业与贸易、手工副业以及其他生计所组成的传统生计方式,向着绿色生计、外出务工、乡村旅游等当代生计方式变迁。党的十九大报告提出的乡村振兴战略正为民族村寨的生计变迁指明了方向,民族村寨未来的发展之路将从构建现代农业产业体系,培育多方协同参与的乡村旅游业,支持和鼓励农民就业创业,拓宽农民的增收渠道,加强农村基层基础工作等方面推进。

The traditional livelihood and culture of ethnic villages are changing under the impact of market economy.Based on a case study on Dongjiao,a Dong Village in Qingshui River Basin,this paper holds that the traditional livelihoods of ethnic villages consisting of traditional farming,hunting,collection,mountain animal husbandry,mountain forestry and trade,handicraft sideline and other forms have been transformed into modern livelihoods such as green livelihood,being migrant workers and rural tourism.The strategy of rural revitalization put forward in the report of the 19 th CPC National Congress points out the direction for the livelihood changes of ethnic villages.The future development of ethnic villages will be promoted by the establishment of a modern agricultural industry system,the development of rural tourism with cooperative participation of multiple parties,the support and stimulation of peasants’employment and entrepreneurship,the expansion of peasants’income channels,and the enhancement of basic work at the grass-roots level in rural areas.