都市型农业可持续发展的理论与实践

The Sustainable Development of Urban Type of Agriculture: Theory and Practice

都市型农业作为一种生长于大都市中或城市化地区的现代农业 ,功能多样化和空间布局的无明显城乡边界是其显著特征。随着工业化和城市化进程的加快 ,目前已形成了设施农业、市民农园、零星插花型农业等多种都市型农业实践形式。我国都市型农业由于发展时间较短 ,无论是从农业管理体制、农业科技整体水平等外部环境 ,还是从生产要素投入、功能定位、土地流转机制等内部管理机制方面 ,都还存在着诸多问题。为此 ,必须高起点制定都市型农业发展的总体规划 ,以技术创新为原动力 ,以科学有效的土地流转机制为前提 ,以农业产业化为突破口 ,以企业化管理为运行机制 ,以完善的农产品体系为渠道 ,才能实现都市型农业的可持续发展。

Growing up in metropolises or in urbanized area s, the agriculture of Urban type is a kind of modern agricultures, featuring multi functional composition and undefinable demarcation between urban and rural areas. With the speedy progress of industrialization and urbanization, the urban type of agriculture shapes different forms such as factory type of agriculture, agricuturalized citizen's garden, past time type of agriculture(for relaxation and ornamentation mainly), etc. As the development of urban agriculture in China got off to a late start, there in some aspects such as the system of agricultural management, the overall level of agricultural science and technology, the investment of production elemetns, the orientation of function, the mechanism of land circulation, etc. need to be substantiated and promoted. A program for establishing urban agriculture giving form to what serve as its prime power, prerequisite, point of penetration, operation mechanism and channel making advancing is the program which do well to ensure the sustainable development of the urban agriculture.