兵阴阳家与汉代军事

The Bing Yin-Yang Jia and the Military Affairs in the Han Dynasty

汉代一切军事活动 ,都深受术数与兵阴阳学的影响和支配 ,战争既是激烈的武装冲突 ,同时也是术数的诡谲对抗。汉代有大批兵阴阳家著作问世 ,军事术数形式有不少新的创造和发展 ,研习、传授者众多。兵阴阳家深刻影响了汉代战争的发生、进程和结局 ,也影响了汉代军队组织和军官选拔。由于兵阴阳家对专制主义中央集权统治亦存在着不利的影响 ,故汉王朝逐渐开始对社会上包括兵阴阳家在内的术数书籍和活动加以限制和控制。

The military activities during the Han period w ere profoundly affected and dominated by the Bing Yin Yang Jia , the ones who applied their view on the reciprocal relationship between Yin Yang (the feminine the negative, the masculine the positive) and Wu Xing (the five elements) and their arts of prophecy based on interaction of Yin and Yang to the military activities. Wars were not only fierce armed conflicts, but also an antagonism of the arts of prophecy between opposing sides of the wars. There appeared a number of works written by the Bing Yin Yang Jia and people who read and taught the Yin Yang knowledge were many, the military arts of prophecy thus got innovation and development. In the Han dynasty, the Bing Yin Yang Jia had their influences going deep into the military affairs: the happening, process and results of the launched wars, the organization of army, deployment of troops, choice of officers, and so on. Yet the effects of the Yin Yang school to the centralized state power of the imperial dynasty were not favourably received, and the Han Government was gradually to set restriction on the writings and activities of the arts of prophecy including that of the Yin Yang Jia's so as to put it under control.