墨家逻辑与亚里士多德逻辑的比较研究

Comparative Studies on the Mohist and Aristotelean Logic

基于不同历史文化背景而形成的不同逻辑传统 ,既有共同性 ,又有特殊性。因此 ,两种逻辑的比较研究只有建基于历史分析与文化诠释之上 ,才能对它们的异同作出合理的分析与说明。墨家逻辑依托于先秦文化 ,亚里士多德逻辑依托于古希腊文化。两种文化有不同的特征和需求。不同文化的特征和需求 ,产生了两种不同的逻辑。两种逻辑的差异主要表现为 :目的与任务不同 ,逻辑特征不同 ,主导的推理类型不同 ,推理成分的分析不同 ,后续发展状况不同。

A logic system bears the characters of its own, of which some are in common with and some are particular to the others for they came out from different historical and cultural backgrounds. A comparative study of two logic systems should base on the analysis of their historical background and the interpretation of their cultural host; (2) The Mohist logic depend on Pre Qin culture of China and Aristotelean logic was embedded in Hellenism of Hellenistic Age; (3) In view of these two logic systems being the yields of different cultures which bore their respective characters and aim and end and task, so the differences these two logic systems present, principally, in aims and end and tasks, in logic characters, in the way of inference, in analysing of the composition of reason, and in the status of follow up development.