文学理论的技术化困境及其解决途径

The Technical Dilemma of Literary Theory and Its Solution

文学作品是作家创造的存在物 ,它的最外层载体是语言 ,从语言是一种物质存在的角度来说 ,文学作品具有一定的“物性”。但是 ,“物性”不是它的本质 ,文学作品归根结底与精神相关 ,所以 ,以对待“物”的态度来对待文学作品是行不通的 ,过度的抽象分析甚至总结出模式和规则 ,是有悖精神原则和文学本性的。因此 ,如果作品存在方式理论走向机械的技术化分析 ,就必然陷入困境。

Literature is the product of writers, with language as its outset carrier. As such, it has certain 'materiality'. However, materiality is not its essence. It is related to spirit after all. So it will not do to treat literature with an attitude as that to treat 'materials'. Excessive abstract analysis or even to summarize some patterns or rules is against the spiritual principle and the nature of literature. Therefore, the theory of the way that the literature exists will be in hot water if it turns to be a mechanical-technical analysis. The Chinese traditional theory of literature teaches us a lot in how to get out of the dilemma.