心理偏差下基于Nash讨价还价的生产-库存优化

Optimization of Production-inventory Model under Psychological Biasand Nash Bargaining

研究一类"批对批"策略下的生产-库存优化问题。基于行为经济学中的社会比较理论,提出了生产-库存系统下的心理偏差概念,建立了心理偏差下的效应模型,根据Nash讨价还价博弈解的公理化定义,得到了心理偏差下效应模型的博弈均衡解。讨论了三类情形下心理偏差指数对最优订货量和效用的影响。理论与算例分析表明,最优订购量随心理偏差指数变化表现出相反的变化特征,随制造商心理偏差指数增大而表现出递增减缓的趋势,随零售商心理偏差指数增大而快速减小。当制造商不存在心理偏差时,制造商利润随零售商心理偏差指数的增大表现出递增式的减少;当制造商存在心理偏差时,制造商效用随零售商心理偏差指数的增大表现出递减式的增大。心理偏差指数的变化情况与博弈对方的效用变化情况一致。随着制造商心理偏差指数的增大,整个生产-库存系统的效用呈现出先增大后减小的倒U型变化特征。

The problem of production inventory optimization under a kind of batch to batch strategy was studied.Based on the theory of social comparison in behavioral economics,the concept of psychological deviation under production inventory system was putted forward,and also the effect model of psychological bias was established.According to the axiomatic definition of Nash bargaining solution,the effect model equilibrium solution of psychological deviation was obtained.The effect of psychological deviation index on optimal order quantity and effect under three situations were discussed.Theory and example analysis show that the optimal order quantity variation contrasts with the changes of psychological deviation index.When the manufacturer does not have psychological deviation,the profit of the manufacturer decreases rapidly with the increases of psychological deviation index of the retailer,when the manufacturer has psychological deviation,the manufacturer utility increases in a declining trend with the increase of the retailer psychological deviation.The change of psychological deviation index is consistent with the effect of each other.With the increases of the manufacturer’s psychological deviation index,the effect of the whole production inventory system is first increased and then decreased,and it shows an inverted U type.