黄土窑洞病害分析及加固技术

DISEASE ANALYSIS AND REINFORCEMENT MEASURES OF LOESS CAVES

窑洞是中国西北黄土高原上一种典型的传统民居,它的妥善保护和传承对于解决我国当前的能源、环境问题具有重大现实意义,是"精准扶贫"、"脱贫攻坚"政策的直接体现。几百年来,黄土窑洞长期受自然环境风化及雨水侵蚀作用,再加上人为破坏以及保护不够重视,使得窑洞建筑正在逐渐消亡。为科学合理地对黄土窑洞进行修缮和保护,根据黄土的工程特性及窑洞独特的营造技术,结合黄土窑洞的病害残损调查,系统总结了黄土窑洞常见的病害类型以及产生病害的原因,并针对黄土窑洞不同的病害情况,提出相应的加固方法。

The cave dwelling is a typical traditional residence on the Loess Plateau in Northwest China. Its proper protection and inheritance have great practical significance for solving the current energy and environmental problems in China,and are the direct embodiment of the policies of taking targeted measures in poverty alleviation. For hundreds of years,the loess cave dwellings have long been affected by natural environment weathering and rain erosion,coupled with human destruction and inadequate attention to environmental protection,so cave dwelling buildings has gradually disappeared. In order to scientifically and reasonably protect the loess cave dwellings,according to the engineering characteristics and unique construction technique of the loess cave,and combined with the investigation of loess cave dwelling diseases,the paper summarized the common disease types and the causes of different diseases in loess cave dwellings. According to the different disease conditions of loess cave dwellings,the corresponding strengthening methods were put forward.