江苏沿海风速空间衰减规律研究

Study on Spatial Attenuation of Wind Speed in the Coast Area of Jiangsu

为了合理利用江苏沿海地区的风能资源,利用2009年6月2010年5月江苏中部沿海地区的测风塔和自动气象站观测资料,研究了海陆风背景下风速由海岸过渡至内陆时的空间变化特征。结果表明,江苏海陆风现象较明显,全年17.3%的日数发生了海陆风现象,海陆风发生次数、起止时间、持续时间和风速等特征有明显的季节变化;从海岸至内陆,风速随着离海岸线距离的增加而减小,夏季和低层更明显;在江苏沿海的平坦地形下,海陆风的风速比变化总体呈指数衰减,其中在海岸附近接近线性变化,向内陆延伸后衰减速度变缓慢,为指数变化,到一定距离后接近常值。

As a coastal province,Jiangsu is abundant of wind energy resource and the wind energy is also impacted by local sea-land circulation. For the effective development of wind energy,observations data from June2009 to May 2010 at local meteorological stations and wind measurement masts were used to understand the wind speed spatial attenuation in the coast area of Jiangsu. The results show that the sea-land breeze was observed in17. 3% days of a whole year. The occurring frequency,beginning time,lasting time and wind speed change obviously in different seasons. The inland wind speed decreases with the distance to coastal line and the decreasing tendency is more obvious in summer and at the lower part of atmospheric boundary layer. Wind speed ratio decreasing follows an exponential function due to the flat terrain. The decreasing tendency is nearly linear near the coastal line and is exponential inland,and on the far inland area wind speed becomes constant.