技术、权力与知识:近代至建国初期天津饮水卫生研究

Technology,Power and Knowledge: The Research on Drinking Water Health of Tianjin from Modern Times to The Early Days of New China

自来水技术从西方传入到天津,改变了天津民众以井水、河水为主的传统饮水方式,但是在近代天津的自来水普及率并不高。到了建国初期,政府采取了一系列有力措施,使得更多的民众喝上纯净的自来水,自来水的普及率提高,保障了民众的身体健康。西方细菌理论知识的传入使民众认识到水是否洁净,要看水中所含细菌量的多少。近代天津开始在政府主导下进行细菌检验,建国初期政府高度重视细菌检验和细菌研究,有效地防止了传染病流行,使民众的饮水卫生意识得到增强。

The running water technology imported to Tianjin from the West,changed people's traditional drinking water way,which had been based on the well water and the river water。However,the water supply coverage was not high in modern Tianjin. The government adopted a series of effective measures to make more people drink clean running water in the early days of New China,and make water supply coverage increase,which safeguarded the people's health. The germ theory knowledge in the West was imported to make people realize that the water is clean or not,the key of which was to see the amount of bacteria in the water. The government began to pay high attention on the test and research of bacteriathe in modern Tianjin,which effectively prevented the epidemic of infectious diseases,so that people 's drinking water health consciousness had been enhanced.