西安市2010-2015年新装修居民室内空气污染调查与分析

Indoor air pollution in newly decorated residential houses of Xi'an City

为了解西安市近几年新装修民用建筑室内空气污染变化情况,探讨居室装修对室内空气质量的影响,依据我国国家标准《室内空气质量标准》(GB/T 18883-2002),选取室内装修产生的主要5项污染物:甲醛、总挥发性有机物(TVOC)、苯及苯系物、氨、放射性氡作为检测对象,对西安市2010-2015年期间共计8172个空气样本进行检测、统计和分析。分析近6年的检测结果,室内装修导致的空气污染水平整体呈现下降趋势,其中甲醛和TVOC仍然是室内空气污染的主要因素,平均超标率分别为62.9%和70.1%;苯及苯系物超标现象大幅减少,苯的平均超标率是3.6%;氨少部分超标,平均超标率为2.61%;氡仅有1例超标。

In order to investigate the indoor air quality of the newly decorated rooms,and discuss the influencing factors arising along with the rooms decoration,the 5 main pollutants,formaldehyde,TVOC,benzene substances,NH_3 and Radon,were sampled from new apartments in Xi'an city during2010-2015. In total 8172 samples were detected and analyzed per the indoor air quality standards.The statistical data for 6 years showed the concentration level of indoor air pollution caused by the decoration has continued to decline. Formaldehyde and TVOC was still the main pollutants of indoor air pollution,and the average exceeding standard rate were 62. 9% and 70. 1% respectively. The concentrations of benzene,methylbenzene and dimethylbenzene decreased significantly,and the average exceeding standard rate of benzene was 3. 6%. The concentration of ammonia in most samples reached the standard and the average exceeding standard rate of ammonia was 2. 61%; there was only 1 case of radon exceeding the standard.