现代分子生物学技术在环境污染责任鉴定中的潜在应用价值

The Potential Application Value of Modern Molecular Biology Technology in Environmental Pollution Liability Identification

随着新《环境保护法》的实施和推进,环境污染治理取得了新的进展。环境执法部门对污染企业的查处更严格,对环境污染受害者的权益保障更重视。虽然法律明确了企业在污染问题上所必须承担的相应的法定经济责任,但是污染受害者在健康损伤举证上遇到不少问题,特别是对于潜在发生的身体损伤无法得到合理鉴定。通常情况下潜在发生的一些损伤属于疾病发生的前体状态,很难在临床医学中得到确诊,无法纳入法律规定的惩罚范围内,这些问题给环境污染追责造成很大困扰。在现代分子生物学技术快速发展中,对疾病早期诊断和鉴别有了重大突破,特别是表观遗传学基因甲基化的研究可为污染物暴露引起的相关疾病早期诊断提供有力证据。这些分子生物学方法能为相关的环境污染责任认定提供参考。

With the advancement of the new environmental protection law,new progress has been made in environmental pollution control.Environmental law enforcement departments were stricter in investigating and punishing polluting enterprises,and pay more attention to the protection of the rights and interests of the victims of environmental pollution.Although the law clarified the corresponding legal and economic responsibilities that enterprises must bear on pollution issues,the victims of pollution encountered many problems in the proof of health damage,especially for potential physical injury can not be reasonably identified.Usually,some potential injuries belong to the precursor state of disease occurrence,which was difficult to be diagnosed in clinical medicine and can not be included in the scope of punishment prescribed by law.These problems caused great trouble to environmental pollution accountability.With the rapid development of modern molecular biology technology,great breakthroughs have been made in early diagnosis and identification of diseases,especially in epigenetic gene methylation,which can provide strong evidence for early diagnosis of related diseases caused by pollutant exposure.These molecular biological methods can provide reference for the identification of environmental pollution liability.