生计、信仰与秩序——苗侗民族原始宗教在生产生活中的作用考察

Production and Life、Belief and Order: To Inspect the Function of Primary Religion of Miao and Dong Peole During Their Production and Life

居住于我国西南地区的苗侗民族受多山的自然环境影响,在新中国成立前,生产力水平不高,生活较为贫困。苗侗民众对自然界偶发的异常现象因恐惧而原始崇拜某些超自然力的人或物,并逐渐演化为原始的宗教信仰。苗侗民众把原始宗教应用于生产生活之中加以信奉,希望神灵解决实际困难,因生计需要对原始宗教的信奉也更加现实。苗侗民众将生计与信仰相连,把生计秩序与村寨生活秩序统一,共同建构起和谐共存的生产生活秩序。

Before the fundation of our new China,owing to its low level of productivity,the living standards of Miao and Dong people are in a poor condition,for the reason that they were affected by the natural environment because they settled down on montainous southwest China.The commons of Miao and Dong adore supernatural strength or hero in terms of frightening to the abnormal phenomenons ocassionally happened in nature,they gradually elvoving the adores into religious belief.Miao and Dong people applied the primary religious belief to production and life,and they believed in it,they hoped the god would solve their actual difficulties,they made they primary religious belief come to real life.Miao and Dong people connected their production and life with their belief,unified the orders of production and life to the orders of village life,and built up harmonious coexistence of production and living orders.