树莓汁中键合态香气物质提取方法及糖基组成的研究

Extraction of Bound Aroma Compounds in Raspberry Juice and Analysis of the Sugar Moieties

本文采用Amberlite XAD-2树脂吸附洗脱分离的方法和甲醇直接提取法对树莓汁中的键合态香气物质进行了分离,对得到的键合态香气物质进行了酶水解释放,采用GC-MS分析方法对水解得到的键合态香气物质进行了分析鉴定,重点比较了这两种方法的提取效果,并对酶水解后的糖基部分进行了分析研究。结果显示,甲醇直接提取法只提取得到4种键合态香气物质,总含量为77.1μg/kg,包括2种苯系物和2种脂肪醇类物质;Amberlite XAD-2树脂吸附洗脱提取法共提取得到20种键合态香气物质,包括11种苯系物,6种醇类物质及3种萜烯类物质,总含量达3042μg/L。两种方法提取得到的键合态香气物质在种类和含量上存在很大的差异,Amberlite XAD-2树脂吸附提取法提取得到的键合态香气物质种类丰富。树莓汁中糖苷键合态香气物质的糖基部分含有甘露糖和葡萄糖两种单糖。

Bound aroma compounds from raspberry juice were obtained by column chromatography approach via an Amberlite XAD-2 column as well as methanol direct extraction. The extracted bound aroma compounds were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) after enzymatic hydrolysis. The main aim was to compare the extraction efficiency of both methods, and to analyze the sugar moieties of the glycosides. The results showed that only 4 bound aromas were detected in the extracts by methanol direct extraction approach with a total concentration of 77.1 μg/kg including 2 benzenic compounds and 2 fatty alcohols. In contrast, a total of 20 bound aroma compounds were found in the extracts via the Amberlite XAD-2 column chromatography approach, giving a total concentration of 3 042 μg/L, including 11 benzenic compounds, 6 alcohols and 3 terpenes. Large differences were observed in terms of the types and contents of the bound aroma compounds extracted by these two methods. The bound aroma compounds extracted by Amberlite XAD-2 column were more varied than those obtained by methanol direct extraction. Mannose and glucose were determined to be the sugar moieties of the glycosides in raspberry juice.