野生和养殖乌鳢肌肉的成分分析及营养评价

Composition Analysis and Nutritional Evaluation of Wild and Farmed Channa argus

本文对野生和养殖乌鳢肌肉中的营养成分进行了分析和营养评价。结果表明:野生乌鳢肌肉中粗脂肪含量显著低于养殖乌鳢(P<0.05)。野生乌鳢n-3多不饱和脂肪酸含量和c22:6(DHA)含量均高于养殖乌鳢,野生和养殖乌鳢肌肉中n-3/n-6的比例分别为1.21和0.65。两种乌鳢肌肉都检测到了17种氨基酸,养殖乌鳢肌肉中氨基酸总量、鲜味氨基酸含量、必需氨基酸含量均高于野生乌鳢,野生和养殖乌鳢肌肉中必需氨基酸/总氨基酸(EAA/TAA)的比值分别为42.66%和42.28%,必需氨基酸/非必需氨基酸(EAA/NEAA)的比值分别为74.40%和73.26%,均高于FAO/WHO推荐的理想蛋白质模式,野生和养殖乌鳢肌肉的必需氨基酸评分(EAAI)分别为63.48和70.82。两种乌鳢肌肉中矿物质元素均以钾最高,养殖乌鳢微量元素含量显著高于野生乌鳢(P<0.05)。因此,以低值野杂鱼饵料为食物来源的养殖乌鳢具有良好的开发前景。

Analysis of the nutrient content of wild and farmed Channa argus muscle tissue showed that crude fat content in wild Channa argus was significantly lower than that in the farmed variety(p < 0.05). However, the content of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA) and c22:6(DHA) in the muscle of wild Channa argus was higher than that in the farmed Channa argus, where the ratio of n-3/n-6 of the two samples was 1.21 and 0.65, respectively. A total of 17 amino acids were detected in the muscles of wild and farmed Channa argus, where the content of total amino acids, delicious amino acids, and essential amino acids in the farmed Channa argus was higher than that in the wild variety. The ratio of essential to total amino acids(EAA/TAA) in the muscles of wild and farmed Channa argus was 42.66% and 42.28%, respectively. The ratios of essential to non-essential amino acids were 74.40% and 73.26%, respectively, which were higher than the ideal protein patterns recommended by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO) and the World Health Organization(WHO). The essential amino acid index of wild and farmed Channa argus muscles was 63.48 and 70.82, respectively. In both samples, potassium showed the highest mineral content, whereas trace elements were significantly higher in muscles of the farmed variety than wild Channa argus(p < 0.05). In conclusion, the farmed Channa argus fed with low-value, wild trash-fish shows good development prospects for.